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                       Dedicated to Emergency Communications by RADIO
        EMCOMM  MONTHLY   
                       Official Journal of the World Radio Relay League
 
                                                                 
www.wrrl.org
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VOL.  3 -- No. 7                 ONLINE: www.emcomm.org/em/                    December  2006
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
The EM PHILOSOPHY
SHORT CIRCUITS - Brief items
FEEDBACK,  MUSINGS... and SPURIOUS EMISSIONS
The EM ADVISOR - "Q and A"
WRRL WINDS - WRRL Member News
ICS
PERSPECTIVES
TRAFFIC HANDLING

NETWORK NEWS - "N.E.T.S."
EMCOMM WORKSHOP - "NVIS Antenna Revisited"
SHOW US YOUR SHACK - updated
FEATURE SECTION - "The Chronicles of Nocandoo" - Episode V
EMCOMM SPECIALTY ITEMS - Stuff for Sale
NEW SUBSCRIBERS and CONTRIBUTORS
SUPPORT OUR SUPPORTERS
REFERENCE and RESOURCE SECTION
 
The EM PHILOSOPHY
 
GIVING

"Recognition and enhancement of the value of the amateur service to the public as a voluntary noncommercial communication service, particularly with respect to providing emergency communications."  -- FCC Part 97.1(a).

The above statement appears at the top of the list for the FCC Basis and Purpose of the amateur radio service.  Sadly, surveys have shown that only 1% to  5% of the 600,000+ licensed hams in the U.S. are active in amateur radio public service activities on a regular basis.  EMCOMM MONTHLY is about these relatively few who give of their time, energy, and personal resources by learning, training, practicing, improving their skills and (for the most part) providing the equipment, to provide radio communications during times of disaster or other emergencies when the normal means of communication fail or are overloaded.  We are happy to report that EM added 515 of these dedicated operators as new subscribers this year!

As with nearly all disciplines and organizations, it seems that only a few actually help carry the load.  EMCOMM MONTHLY and EMCOMM.ORG are all-volunteer efforts and are offered free to all radio amateurs who are serious about public service and emergency communications.  Our websites are "pop-up free" and are non-commercial and we fund ourselves.  But there are costs involved.  Out-of-pocket expenses such as Internet and website fees, postage, printing, etc.  A large part of these costs are provided by those who also do much of the work.  In addition, there are some new projects that we would like to offer in 2007.  But frankly, we lack the "seed money" to get any new projects started.

If each of our readers were to contribute just one dollar per year we would be in good shape!  We know that this probably won't happen, but we do believe that many of our readers would like to help carry the load.  So, at this time of year when giving is in vogue, we are suggesting that readers who value EMCOMM MONTHLY and EMCOMM.ORG, drop a check or money order for a few dollars in an envelope and mail it to:  EMCOMM, P.O. Box 99, Macdoel, CA  96058.  Your donation is an outright gift and is NOT tax deductible.  Thank you and have a very HAPPY HOLIDAY SEASON!

(NOTE): If you already made a monetary contribution to EMCOMM.ORG this year, or if you are a WRRL member you may disregard the above item.
And, thank you for your support!
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SHORT CIRCUITS

FLASH!  Just prior to "press time" we received word that a grass roots ground swell (tsunami?) is building in an attempt to get the recent "FCC R&O Phone band expansion WT Docket 04-140 docket" revoked and/or overturned.  If you agree that it should be, contact the FCC, your division ARRL Director, and even your Congressional representative ASAP.  Tell them that the FCC R&O phone band expansion WT Docket 04-140 docket is unfair and unbalanced, and that you want it nullified.   We have 15 days before the "ship hits the sand"!

You might also politely suggest that they (the FCC) stop trying to "improve" amateur radio.  And rather focus on doing something about all the scams, theft, child pornography and tons of other criminal activity on the Internet!


ARCT RESOURCE TYPING - Now Available on PowerPoint®
The ARCT Resource Typing system was introduced three years ago this month, in the December 2003 issue of QST).  See:  www.emcomm.org/ARCT/ and www.wrrl.org/arct_program/   This year it was added to ARECC Level 3.  ARCT is NIMS compliant, has been cleared by the NIMS Resource Center, and is awaiting final approval by FEMA.  ARCT resource typing has been implemented by various ARES® and other emcomm units around the U.S.

SURVEY:  If you are an ARES® EC, DEC, SEC, or other emcomm team leader who has implemented, or is planning to implement ARCT Resource Typing, we would like to hear from you.  Drop us a short message and share any tips or other information that might help others.

IN THE MEANTIME:  A free downloadable PowerPoint® slide presentation has been produced by Brian Cook, KI4HLW, Indian River County (FL) ARES® Public Information Officer.
  It is available for use by all emcomm units, (provided that appropriate credits and acknowledgements are given.)

ARCT RESOURCE TYPING on PowerPoint®:

Web based - http://www.ircares.org/presentations/AmateurRadioCommunicationsTeam.mht
PowerPoint® File - http://www.ircares.org/presentations/AmateurRadioCommunicationsTeam.ppt
Handout - http://www.ircares.org/presentations/AmateurRadioCommunicationsTeam.doc
Problems? - Contact: Brian Cook, KI4HLW at:  ki4hlw@gmail.com
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COORDINATED UNIVERSAL TIME  (REVISITED)
 
We occasionally receive messages from someone who is baffled about "ZULU TIME" (also known as UTC, CUT, and GMT).  These are all one and the same.  The only places where they coincide with a local time zone is at ZERO degrees longitude (plus or minus {east or west} 7.5º longitude) from pole-to-pole.  ZULU TIME is based upon the Royal Observatory at Greenwich, England.  Hence, the term Greenwich Mean Time (which the British still prefer to call it), CUT, UTC and ZULU is world-wide.  It is always the same time ZULU everywhere...even on the International Space Station orbiting the earth!

If you are in the U.S. Eastern Time Zone (ETZ) on standard time (EST), UTC is five hours ahead of you.  In the summer when on Eastern Daylight Time, UTC is four hours ahead of you.
 
REMEMBER:  At 0000Z the date advances.  UTC DATE is one day ahead until 0000 (midnight) at your location.  A UTC log entry or a RADIOGRAM originated after 0000Z must be dated the next day/date until 2400 (midnight) local.

If you are in question about what time it is UTC, you can always dial any time/frequency standard station.  WWV and WWVH are on 2.5000, 5.0000, 10.0000, 15.0000 and 20.0000 MHz.  http://tf.nist.gov/stations/wwv.html  There are many other time/frequency standard stations around the world. http://www.ac6v.com/standard.htm
 
Most well-equipped amateur stations have a 24 hr. UTC clock prominently displayed on the shack's wall or desk.
Additional references:

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DISASTER PERSONAL PROTECTION

(Every American should see this.  But they won't see it on the evening news.  They will only see it if people like us forward it to as many as possible.)
The Disaster Recovery Personal Protection Act (H.R. 5013) which was included in the 2006 Department of Homeland Security appropriations bill recently signed into law, prohibits the confiscation of firearms from law-abiding citizens during states of emergency.  To see what brought this about go to: www.givethemback.com/  You didn't (and you won't) see this on the "mass media".  Be sure to watch all of the video clips in the index on left side of the main page before you pass judgment.  And, if you choose to disagree with what is shown, that is your right.  However, without the Bill of Rights (including the Second Amendment), we probably would not have our amateur radio privileges.  - D.W. Thorne, K6SOJ, and NRA Life Member.
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TRAFFIC HANDLER'S NEWS

THC FEEDBACK:

Bill Frazier, W7ARC, WRRL 3 and EMCOMM.ORG Webmaster reports:  "I just posted the 500th score for the Traffic Handler's Challenge.  Of those who said OK to having their score posted, a total of 18 participants over the past 3 1/2 years scored 100%!  (3.6%) -- On the other hand, we had 23 (4.6%) fail to get a passing score of 70% or better.

Ed "FB" Trump, AL7N, WRRL 6 and THC Program Administrator reports:  Only about 8 or 10 out of the 500+ who have taken "The Challenge" said they did NOT learn anything from taking the quiz.  In view of this, it appears that we are doing some good.  I occasionally get comments after we send them their score, and without exception, the comments are positive.  Occasionally, we get some constructive criticism...but that is very seldom.   A slight change in the quiz is sometimes indicated from this criticism, and we have made some changes and improvements when necessary. 
 
TAKE THE TRAFFIC HANDLER'S CHALLENGE AT:  http://thc.emcomm.org

DVD FEEDBACK:

Ever since Rick Palm, K1CE, Editor of The ARES E-Letter, gave us a "plug" for the RADIOGRAM DVD, our production unit (in Winnetka, California) has been in high gear!  Since the DVD was announced in March 2006, over 125 have been shipped and are being put to good use around the country.  Five more are being shipped today!

RADIOGRAM / MESSAGE TRAFFIC HANDLING DVD
T
he RADIOGRAM TRAINING DVD features D. W. Thorne, K6SOJ, as the instructor.  The session was taped live at the U.S.F.S. facility at Redding, CA on October 29, 2005 by Paul Peterson (K6PTT).  As you watch it, you'll feel like you are actually in the classroom.  DW begins with a review of the history of communications beyond the horizon, followed by a thorough explanation of the "whys and wherefores" of basic message handling.  Essential information for all emcomm operators is presented in a palatable way. The video includes a brief overview of the ICS.  Thanks to Robert Jackson (KB6YTD) of Weaverville, CA, the quality is good.  Disclaimer: This is not your usual scripted, studio, well-rehearsed, and edited training video--it is raw and unedited and it includes flub-ups, bloopers, jokes, as well as unsolicited comments! There are a few "glitches" that could not be remedied; however, it is not necessary to adjust your player or TV when you encounter them, but rather just let the video run.  Not rated. 155 minutes.  $10.00 (includes postage and shipping) - $15.00 for two DVDs to same address.  The DVD is copyrighted.  Contact us for permission to copy for non-commercial use only.  Send check payable to: EMCOMM, P. O. Box 99, Macdoel, CA  96058
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FEEDBACK, MUSINGS... and SPURIOUS EMISSIONS

CHANGE "N.E.T.S." FREQUENCIES?

"How about 3811kHz as an emergency frequency?  And how about this?  We can move up above 3800 along with the Advanced and Generals
with our NTS CW Nets to get away from the QRM on contest nights, etc.  Nets could be hybrid (CW and SSB), if we like.  That  would be interesting!!"
 - Frank Thrash, W4DLZ, WRRL 18, Carrabelle FL

COMMENT:  For the time being at least, I think we should leave things (on the nets that I manage) just as they have been.   At least until everything "shakes out".
75/80M NATIONAL EMCOMM TRAFFIC SERVICE ("NETS") WATCH • MONITOR • CALLING • TRAFFIC FREQUENCIES:
SSB:
  3987 kHz  CW: 3711 kHz  (See below for other band listings.)Actual nets may be up or down as much as 20 kHz.
(Personally, I do not plan on transmitting below 3753kHz on SSB out of respect for all Morse operators and the old (more fair) band plan. - Editor)
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MORE ABOUT BACKGROUND CHECKS

Woody Baker-Cohen of the San Francisco Red Cross says that Bay Area Red Cross would only do background checks for history of criminal activity. The national (ARC) program seems to authorize "life-style" investigations. I agree with you that communications stations should not be located within in an actual shelter.  It's too dangerous without real security and Rule One is: "Do Not Become a Victim or otherwise make the situation worse instead of better."  A friend of mine went to New Orleans on a national SAR team and found himself in danger several times.

Regarding ARC background checks: 1) it's up to them, but 2) it's all insane hysteria; there simply are not enough "bad guys" around to justify the Red Cross proposal for personal investigation.  As you may recall, I served ARC in New York 9/11 and we who worked HQ and shelters wore ARC badges. On the other hand, I think ARRL should tell ARC that the MOU is at risk if ARC does any more than the criminal conviction check for seven years.

The credit and similar reports are full of erroneous and libelous information, especially "investigative" and "life-style" reports, in part because the investigators are paid by ton-of-dirt delivered.  While they may rarely lie outright, they consistently construe facts and situations against the person investigated and then report an often erroneous surmise as fact.  I've seen it happen.  Once it's in "the record", it's there forever.

One does not want sex offenders working shelters,  but on the other hand, Red Cross's process as described will result in many, wholly innocent amateur radio operators and other volunteers getting black-balled, and libeled without remedy.  What do you say to a fellow ham, maybe another ARES volunteer, once the Red
Cross won't accept your offer to volunteer to work as a radio operator for it? The innuendo and implication of wrongdoing or worse will be quite strong. ARRL should institute its own criminal background check for ARES® volunteers, vouch for them on that limited basis, and let Red Cross do whatever it wants with respect to anyone without further cooperation from the League.

I worked with hundreds of volunteers in New York (the total of contributing amateur radio operators was more than 560). They were all "good guys."  I think Red Cross is about to shoot itself in the foot, because the depth and techniques of its program will be self-defeating in deterring volunteers, including ARES operators, and will injure
many innocent people. -- Bart Lee,  KV6LEE, San Francisco, CA (ARRL Volunteer Counsel)

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ABOUT ARECC COURSE UPDATES

I think Jerry Boyd's October EMCOMM Monthly column is unintentionally misleading.  As correctly stated, the requirement is for mentors to retake the ARECC Level III course, due to recent revisions.  The way it is written, some people might interpret this to mean that anyone who has ever taken it is now being required to re-take the course, which not correct. - Jerry Reimer, KK5CA, ARES® SEC, South Texas

N7WR REPLIES:  That is depending on how you read it...BUT if the course content is so significantly different that Mentors must re-take it because their knowledge is obsolete, the logical argument is that the knowledge of all who took the original is also obsolete and therefore the original certification is no longer relevant. - Jerry Boyd, N7WR

EDITOR COMMENT:  Also, ARECC Level III now includes the ARCT resource typing system.  Very important that all know about it.
Refer to:
http://www.wrrl.org/arct_program/  and  http://www.emcomm.org/ARCT/
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FROM LONG BEACH, CA
"I still have the information you sent and refer to it from time to time. There is a lot of information which is very helpful in my learning process.  I hope to become a very knowledgeable emergency communicator one day. I just wish I had a group to practice the skills with...and an Elmer. There is an ARES® group here, but they don't practice the skills except for a weekly net.  I have completed the ARRL emergency communications courses, NIMS 700 and am finishing up 100. I enjoy learning, which is a good thing, as there is so much of interest.  Anyway, I want to thank you again for all the information you sent and let you know how very helpful it has been....and I am still working with it. - Kim De Celles, K9KIM

COMMENT:  Thanks Kim.  It's always nice to hear that we are able to fill in a few gaps for someone who is serious about emcomm. - Editor

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FROM  KIRKLAND, WA
"Thanks for great newsletter and site.  Nice to get more info, training, resources, etc." - Dennis Weston, KJ7JP
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FROM THE COACHELLA VALLEY  (CA)

"I had no idea that your nets were so extensive.  It is quite an organization!  I am part of the local RACES here in the Coachella Valley and in charge of communications for the private club I live in.  Unfortunately, we are fairly restrictive as far as antenna are concerned, but my G5RV does quite well.  I just need more power.  I have been a ham since 1952 and have operated mostly DX.   I'll try and make your nets and check in from time to time." - Norm Friedman, W6ORD, Palm Desert, CA
 
COMMENT:  Actually, the list includes emcomm nets for many organizations.  The only requirement (for us to list them) is that they know and practice reasonably good operating procedures and are willing to work cooperatively with other teams.  I was on a Red Cross assignment in the Coachella Valley in 1974 (Tropical Storm Kathleen).  It seems like yesterday.  We encourage "DXers" to get involved in emcomm.  International emcomm traffic handing seems to be lacking in the ability of amateur stations to provide public service.  I like to say:  "THINK LOCALLY - ACT GLOBALLY" . We would love to have a station in your area reporting in to the JNN (Jefferson Noon Net) and other emcomm nets on a regular basis.   Please join us anytime you can. - Editor
 --
THE EM ADVISOR
The staff of EMCOMM MONTHLY is happy to answer your questions to the best of our ability.  Some are "FAQs" (Frequently Asked Questions) and others are of a specific nature.  Each month we will answer questions that may have value to other emcomm radio operators.  Technical questions are forwarded to our Technical Advisor, Ed Ewell, K7DXV.  Questions about our ARCT program or ICS/NIMS are forwarded to Jerry Boyd, N7WR.  Others may be forwarded to other staff members.  Questions regarding emcomm in general are usually handled by D. W. Thorne, K6SOJ. Some will wind up on our FAQ page at: http://www.wrrl.org/faq.asp
Before submitting a question, we ask our readers to check the FAQ page first...your question may have been asked before.  Also, please consider checking our site search page at: http://www.emcomm.org/search.htm  to see if your question may have been previously addressed in EMCOMM MONTHLY.  Thank you.
 
Q:  My score on the Traffic Handler's Challenge was 76.  Is that a passing grade?  Can I join the WRRL?   I am currently the EC in my county and need some new stimulation, other than what is experienced with ARES®.  - (name witheld)

A: The THC is a good indicator of a radio operator's ability to provide effective communications.  (However, hams pass all kinds of tests and courses, and they still can't handle traffic properly or know how to set up a field station or repair an antenna.)  Qualifying for WRRL membership is somewhat on the "honor system" and is more of a commitment to continue to learn and serve effectively.  As long as you continue to improve and practice your emcomm traffic handling skills (and pay your dues), you are welcome in the WRRL. - EM
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WRRL:  "BY-PASSING THE POLITICS OF EMCOMM."
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"WRRL WINDS" (WRRL MEMBER NEWS) 
 WRRL NETS -  MONDAYS on 14.280± MHz USB 1940Z (SUMMER) 2040Z (WINTER)
 WRRL STATION MAP UPDATE
A map showing the approximate location of WRRL stations can be viewed at: http://www.wrrl.org/map/   
 WRRL MEMBER'S PATCHES (view at: www.wrrl.org/supplies.asp ) are now in stock.  One for $5, two for $8, or three for $10 (postpaid to one address).  Make checks payable to WRRL.  Recommended display is on left sleeve 3/4" below shoulder seam of shirt or jacket.  Other acceptable placements for the patch are on a removable armband or on a black baseball style cap or black "mil-spec" beret.
 WRRL LOGO RUBBER STAMP
A WRRL LOGO rubber stamp is now available.   Use on envelopes, QSL cards, letters, etc.  It is like our "globe logo" except it has www.wrrl.org  below the globe.
View at:  http://www.wrrl.org/supplies.asp    Since they are fairly expensive, we are offering them at our cost.  (However, you may include a little extra as a donation if you are feeling rich!).  Order an Ideal® 400R, 1-5/8" diameter, self-inking stamp for $19.95 + 2.00 postage; or a knob handle wood stamp for $13.95 + $2.00 postage.  Make checks payable to: WRRL.   Send to:  WRRL, P.O. Box 99, Macdoel, CA  96058.  Allow about two weeks for delivery.
 WRRL MEMBER LISTS
Lists of WRRL members by number, state, and call sign are updated monthly and are posted on www.wrrl.org     The two digit member numbers are gone.  We only hope that by this time next year we are saying "the three digit numbers are gone"!   Our goal? 600 WRRL STATIONS...and at least one fully capable TYPE I ARCT in each FEMA REGION in 2006.
 WRRL CALL SIGN:  W7RRL
W7RRL is issued to the World Radio Relay League.  It is authorized for use during special nets, events and incidents.

WRRL:  "BUILDING A POOL OF SKILLED AMATEUR RADIO COMMUNICATION TEAMS...ONE TEAM AT A TIME!"
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ICS PERSPECTIVES
By Jerry Boyd, N7WR, Associate Editor and ICS Advisor

For those who are so enamored of the Incident Command System that they just can’t wait to take another course some good news and bad news.   It appears that the latest round of “required” ICS courses (required for public safety supervisors and managers) will be ICS 300 & 400.  For those that wish to spend a week in the classroom (these courses are NOT yet available on-line) this is great news.  For those who are already ICS proficient and don’t have the time or money to take off from work for a week in school it may be bad news.  Note that the preliminary word from DHS to those entities (public, not NGO’s) is that 300 & 400 may become a requirement.  I wonder how many grant recipients will pass down the privilege of attending these classes to volunteer “supervisors” such as EC’s or other comm. group leaders.  Editorial comment: IMHO this whole ICS thing has blown way out of whack.  As readers know I AM a proponent of ICS…..but efforts to make everyone, including emcomm volunteers, ICS experts are ridiculous.  Emcomm volunteers need an overview of how ICS/NIMS works and specific information as to how emcomm volunteers fit into ICS/NIMS…period.  Anything more is overkill.  Have a safe and Blessed Holiday Season…Merry Christmas de N7WR 
 
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TRAFFIC HANDLING
“For want of a letter, a word was lost.
             
For want of a word, the message was lost.
                         For want of a message, a life was lost.”


Ed "FB" Trump, AL7N, Fairbanks, Alaska - Traffic Editor and Alaska Correspondent

ICS-213 MESSAGE FORM:

EM recently received a series of email messages (all from the same person).  The overall gist was:

"The primary difference in what you are talking about (universal standardized RADIOGRAM) and what we have put together (a modified ICS-213) is that yours is H&W oriented, where ours is for an incident.  Incident traffic is restricted to the incident where H&W may be from or to anywhere. Since ours is primarily data traffic with computers handling things like check (word count), having the station of origin, tactical call, with amateur call sign as the last portion of the signature takes care of it. Handling instructions are not necessary because we do a single hop (direct connect or message board). Precedence is part of the message and every EMERGENCY message is spelled out exactly that way, EMERGENCY. With that, precedence is not needed.  Incident traffic is restricted to the incident.  Have fun with your H&W messages." 

EM: The Bay of Bengal Tsunami incident was international.  There was a need for operational and logistics support and coordination message traffic.  Same for Katrina, Rita, Wilma,  which were all multi-state incidents.  A RADIOGRAM is a RADIOGRAM is a RADIOGRAM, and is NOT limited to "H&W" messages.  A precedence of WELFARE is third in line after EMERGENCY and PRIORITY.  It makes no difference where a RADIOGRAM originates, nor does it matter where it is going.  What is important is the preamble/precedence, a complete address, the message text, and the signature of the originator.  The standard message RADIOGRAM is the simplest and only universally recognized message format that has ever been developed for third party radio message traffic when it must pass thorough one or more relay stations.  Whether it is across town, across a county, a state, a nation or around the world, it is not dependant upon the infrastructure and is not subject to this, that, or another mode, or any computer hardware or software incompatibilities.

Re: "...with amateur call sign as the last portion of the signature takes care of it"

EM:  Radio operators should not normally be originating any traffic.  Originators of third party traffic probably will not have an amateur call sign.  (Even if they do, adding a call sign is superfluous, since they will be signing all messages and adding their agency title (if any.)

Re:  "...the ICS-213 General Message Form for their messages. As such it behooves us to not only be familiar with the form but to be able to use it efficiently. The form itself is a model of simplicity, but there is one item missing from the emcomm standpoint. The only missing item is a message number."

EM:  Did you forget...

1 - an assigned precedence?
2 - handling instructions?
3 - station of origin?
4 - check (word count)?

In order for any message to be properly tracked (if needed) and accounted for from origination to delivery and traced if necessary, you need these other four items to be sent along with the message.
 
The ICS-213 form also carries unnecessary superfluous wordage that does nothing but clutter up the message (hardly a "model of simplicity"), and which in no way improves it's ability to be relayed efficiently and accurately from origin to destination.  ICS-213 may work for messages sent across a room, within an EOC, or even within a county.  But just try sending a few dozen messages using ICS-213 over long distance circuits via multiple relay stations sometime!  A traffic handler who attempts to send a message using an ICS-213 form would first have to inform the receiving/relay station what format he/she intends to use.  I.e.- "Get ready for a non-standard message format."   If the receiving station is unfamiliar with the non-standard format, it will greatly slow the traffic (if it gets through at all).

The standardized RADIOGRAM format has been used worldwide by commercial services, maritime, military and naval services for over 100 years.  Our RADIOGRAM DVD explains all of this.  I suggest that you order a copy.

Further skilled radio traffic handlers do not normally use "a form".  (Although a printed "form" is highly recommended for the final delivery of a RADIOGRAM.)
Most prefer plain paper.  A lined yellow "legal pad"  works very well for handwritten messages and plain ol' white paper works best if using a "mill" (typewriter)*.
Old fashioned carbon paper or NCR paper may be used if a copy is desired.  Those who advocate the exclusive use of ICS-213 format for written traffic, have narrowed their focus down to tactical communications on behalf of some agency within a local area, rather than on serving the public in general. 

Tactical traffic activity is most likely going to be increasingly out of the purview of amateurs in the not-too-distant future, especially now that "the government" is throwing money towards improving and hardening public agency communications infrastructures.  As long as all that infrastructure remains intact, there will be little (if any) need for "amateur backup".  In a major, widespread incident, there probably wouldn't be enough skilled operators available for local or tactical backup anyway.

Under those circumstances, most amateur emcomm service to the public will probably consist of handling outgoing H&W messages from those who have been displaced.  Amateurs who do not like, or want to learn how to do radio message traffic handling, may well become communication keyboard operators within some agency.  (But that is NOT amateur radio.)  Radio message traffic has been a low priority in the law enforcement, fire/safety, and other such "first responder" type agencies for years.  Moving message traffic will likely and increasingly be the proper place for amateurs using infrastructure-free message handling networks, whether it is in cooperation with NGOs such as the Red Cross, Salvation Army, or as a direct service to the public.

In the aftermath of recent events, "after-action" reports and analysis have shown that proper training, demonstrated skill, using standardized methods and procedures, plus good circuit (net) coordination is necessary, if we expect to accurately and successfully pass third party message traffic into and out of a disaster area.  For radio traffic that is other than "tactical" in nature, utilization of the standard radiogram message format rather than the ill-suited ICS-213 is best .

*See:  http://www.emcomm.org/products/images/radiogram1.jpg   Or, check out our TRAFFIC HANDLER'S SUPPLIES section below.
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THE “TRAFFIC HANDLER’S MANTRA”  (Recite often to help remember the eight parts in preamble):
“No • Prepared • Ham • Should • Copy • Priority • Traffic • Delayed”
“No • Prepared • Ham • Should • Copy • Priority • Traffic • Delayed”
“No • Prepared • Ham • Should • Copy • Priority • Traffic • Delayed”
NUMBER 
PRECEDENCE HX STATION OF ORIGIN CHECK PLACE OF ORIGIN TIME
DATE
To help you to memorize the eight parts of the preamble,  RECITE the "Traffic Handlers Mantra" often:
“No • Prepared • Ham • Should • Copy • Priority • Traffic • Delayed”
ASSESS your current traffic handling skill.  Take the "TRAFFIC HANDLER’S CHALLENGE" at: www.emcomm.org   (main page)
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NATIONAL EMCOMM TRAFFIC SERVICE  (N.E.T.S.)

 

The NATIONAL EMCOMM TRAFFIC SERVICE uses designated watch and calling frequencies.   Public service amateur radio operators everywhere are invited to monitor these frequencies whenever possible.  But when disasters or other incidents occur, emcomm operators are asked to warm up their radios and "light up" the NATIONAL EMCOMM TRAFFIC SERVICE..."24/7".  Active operators know which bands are most likely to be "open" depending upon the time of day, season, etc.

During disasters and for other emergencies, the frequencies are "open nets".  When traffic becomes heavy, they will become "command and control" frequencies with a net control station "triaging traffic" and directing stations with traffic to another (traffic) frequency.  (At least 5 kHz away.)  Proper net procedures are essential.

NETS does not maintain regular schedules and does not handle routine "make work" messages such as birthday greetings, "your license is about to expire", "book messages", etc.  NETS is intended to supplement and fortify other networks by providing a vehicle for emcomm operators to originate, relay and deliver legal radio message traffic (i.e. - "first class mail") of any precedence, at any time, from and to anyone and anywhere--especially during disasters or other crises.  NETS stations will cooperate and use other networks that are known to be capable of accurately and efficiently handling RADIOGRAMS.

NATIONAL EMCOMM TRAFFIC SERVICE (NETS) WATCH • MONITOR • CALLING • TRAFFIC FREQUENCIES
All listed frequencies (except 60 meters) are nominal.  Actual nets may be up or down as much as 20 kHz.
SSB:
•  1982 kHz (May be activated during incidents.)
•  3987 kHz (And down because most "RACES" activity is above 3.990.)
•  5332 kHz "Up" to other 60M channels as necessary. 50W maximum ERP. (Activated during actual incidents.)
•  7244 kHz (up)
• 14280 kHz (up)
• ALASKA ONLY: 5167.5 kHz (USB emergency traffic only)

CW:
•   1911 kHz (May be active during incidents.)
•   3711 kHz
•   7111 kHz
• 10119 kHz
• 14050 kHz
ALASKA - 3540/7042/14050 kHz
GULF STATES (LA, MS, TX, AL) - 7111 kHz 1100Z-2300Z / 3711 kHz 2300Z-1100Z 
  (Times approximate depending on band conditions and changes in sunrise/sunset.)

VHF/UHF FM
• ARES® 146.55 MHz
• ARES®/Red Cross 147.42 MHz
• NATIONAL CALLING (and Wilderness Protocol) 146.52 MHz 
• WILDERNESS PROTOCOL (ref. June 1996 QST, page 85).
Primary frequency: 146.52 MHz (FM simplex). Secondary frequencies: 446.0, 223.5, 52.525
and 1294.5 MHz.  All stations (fixed, portable or mobile) monitor the primary (and
secondary if possible) frequency(s) every three hours starting at 7:00 am local time, for five
minutes (7:00-7:05 AM, 10:00-10:05 AM, etc.)  Additionally, stations that have sufficient
power resources monitor for five minutes starting at the top of every hour, or continuously.

NOTES:
1. "Up" or "down" should be in increments of 3-5 kHz SSB (except 60M); 1-2 kHz minimum CW.
2. If traffic is heavy, nearby frequencies should be designated by NCS at least 5 kHz away from NC.
3. 60 METER BAND (USB):
CH  NOMINAL  CARRIER
  A  5332kHz  5330.5kHz
  B  5348kHz  5346.5kHz
  C  5368kHz  5366.5kHz
  D  5373kHz  5371.5kHz
  E  5405kHz  5403.5kHz (common US/UK)

Some of the frequencies listed may be on or near other established net frequencies.
As a matter of operating courtesy always move up or down a few kHz to avoid QRM when a frequency is in use.
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THE EMCOMM WORKSHOP
The "Quick, Simple, Easy & Cheap NVIS Antenna"  -  Revisited

 
Q: "I was looking at your 'Quick, Simple, Easy & Cheap NVIS Antenna' that I would like to use at my house on a temporary basis.  Instead of using a car/truck for the counterpoise, how would it work if I used my tower?  Also, would it improve the efficiency if I place a separate wire on the ground to act as a reflector?  I'm planning on stringing the 66' of wire approximately 3' off the ground.  All the best this Holiday season."  Roger Dietz, N3CVQ, Mt. Pleasant Mills, PA

A: Among radio amateurs, the subject of antennas can be as volatile as politics or religion!  But I'll take a stab at answering your question.  The "Quick, Simple, Easy & Cheap NVIS Antenna" www.emcomm.org/projects/nvis.htm  is intended to be a quickly deployable portable NVIS antenna for emcomm.  Mobile (vertical whips) are not NVIS, although they often work for short ranges.  True NVIS is "up and (back) down" to Earth.  (DXers often wonder why anyone would want to do that!)  Near Vertical Incident Skywave signals travel beyond the range of line-of-sight or ground wave propagation, but are not DX.  NVIS is usually defined as propagation in the 50-300 mile range.  NVIS antennas may work well for DX when band conditions are optimal.
 
Everything in physics is always a "trade off".  (E.g. - You can't improve a vehicle's gas mileage without lightening its weight or decreasing its drag.)  The same is true with antennas.  If you want "small" with good portability, you will lose something, such as a decrease in effective radiated power.  Therefore, when deciding which antenna to build (or buy), one must first ask, "What am I willing to sacrifice to get it to do what I want it to do?"  Do you want to work the "gray line" to Europe on 40M, or do you want to work stations a few hundred miles away?  And maybe NOT have your signal heard 3000 miles away!
 
Extending the 1/4 wave element out horizontally near the ground will be an "inverted, inverted L" antenna!  The simplest and best method to determine if using your existing tower as the counterpoise (whether it's a 30 ft. tubular mast or a 150 ft. commercial tower) is to try it!   But BEWARE,  non-resonant-counter-poise antennas are notorious for generating spurious radiation.  (Have your apology memorized should the neighbors complain.)   Barring any irate neighbors, do your experiments over a period of several days or weeks.  Testing how well an antenna works in one day only tells you how well it worked at that time.  Even within a few minutes band conditions can change significantly. Unless your antenna is on a fence or a some other non-conductive structure, I suggest that you install the horizontal element at least 10 ft. above ground surface.  This is for safety reasons to prevent someone from tripping over it or ramming their head or neck into it.    However 3 ft. above ground or even laying the driven element on the earth will often work well.  Depending upon the ground conductivity at your location, laying a parallel wire counterpoise along the ground directly underneath the driven element may help.  I think most antenna "gurus" would say that the distance between the horizontal element and the wire counterpoise should be at least 1/4 wavelength.
 
If your tower is tall enough and you have space enough, you might consider a 1/2 wave end-fed Zepp.  I have learned that (at least at my location) my 138 ft.long, end-fed Zepp, fed with "window line", up 30 ft. works extremely well on 40-80 and even 160M.  Always work safely and let us know how your antenna experiments work out!  -  D.W. Thorne, K6SOJ
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QSH -- (I HAVE HUMOR FOR YOUR STATION)
EM’s Quiz, Survey, and [attempt at] Humor Section...

HOLIDAY GIFT IDEAS
Contributed by Bruce Webb, AD6RV, Lookout, California

Hammer - A tool which acts as a divining rod to locate expensive and delicate parts not far from the object you are trying to "adjust."  Also used to tap oil pans and other brittle castings to determine the location of the nuts and bolts you cannot find.

Box knife - Used to open and slice through the contents of cardboard cartons delivered by guys in brown uniforms. Particularly effective on boxes containing soft materials such as gaskets and I&T manuals and liquids.

Gasket Scraper - A device used to score and/or scratch precision machined surfaces.  Also used to remove dog poop from your boots.

Pliers - A manual device used to round off bolt heads.

Vise Grips - A highly efficient device for rounding off bolt heads. Also used as an effective device for transferring welding heat directly to the palm of your hand.

Hacksaw - A cutting tool which operates on the Ouija Board principal. It transforms human energy into random, unpredictable motion. The harder you try to influence its course, the more dismal your future becomes.

Straight-slot Screwdriver - Used to mix epoxy resin and hardener to a consistent dark gray color on the torn-off top of an oil filter box.

Cross-point Screwdriver - A tool for opening the inner foil seal of 1-quart oil containers and 1-gallon antifreeze jugs, thus transferring contents of same onto your shirt. Also used to round off cross-point screw heads.

Deep Well Sockets - Normally used as piston-pin and wheel bearing drifts.  May also be used for drawing circles when a coffee can lid would be way too big.

Drop Light - An appliance used to apply large red welts and blisters to various parts of a mechanic's anatomy while simultaneously eliciting streams of invective and blasphemy.

Shop Rags - Small pink squares composed primarily of lint which, when saturated with whatever fluids are accidentally spilled within the workshop, add a unique smell to the washer/dryer, and the family's clothes thereafter.

Oxy-acetylene Torch - An expensive tool used almost exclusively for lighting stale workshop cigarettes that you keep hidden in the back of your socket drawer because your wife would never think to look there.

Electric Drill - Normally used for spinning pop rivets until you die of old age.

Socket Drawers - A storage device once used to organize the sockets you have now strategically placed in odd locations throughout the workshop.

Drill Press - A tall upright machine useful for suddenly snatching pieces of bar stock out of your hand so that they slap you in the chest and fling your last beer across the shop.

Wire Wheel - Cleans rust off bolts then hurls them at the speed of light toward the nearest really expensive and most easily damaged item in the workshop. Also removes fingerprints and hard-earned guitar calluses from fingers in about the time it takes you to say, "Ouch...."

1/2 x 16-INCH SCREWDRIVER: A large pry bar that inexplicably has an accurately machined screwdriver tip on the end opposite the handle.

Shop Manual - A book which describes in detail the workings and components of all systems which are currently functioning properly. Through unexplained magic, all reference to the part you're actually trying to fix mysteriously disappears whenever you reach for the shop manual.

Outside Micrometer - A device for periodically reviewing the true meaning of all of those little incremental marks on the barrel and trying to remember whether they translate into thousandths or hundred thousandths of an inch and just how many places to the right of the decimal that is anyway.

Battery Electrolyte Tester - A convenient method of transferring sulfuric acid from the battery to the inside of your toolbox after determining that your battery is as dead as a doornail, just as you thought.

Metric Wrenches - Used on items manufactured in countries whose citizens mistakenly believe that measurements based on an inaccurate estimate of the true circumference of the earth are easier to visualize and more accurate than measurements based on the instep of a dead king. On products using Imperial measurements, metric wrenches are used mainly for rounding off bolt heads.

Table saw - Expensive storage surface used to store unfinished projects in garages of want-to-be cabinet makers. Called a saw only because when turned on it will cut and clear all contents off the table and scatter them across the garage.
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"SHOW US YOUR SHACK"  -
• Send a picture of you AND your shack (all in one frame and in JPG or JPEG format) to: k6soj@wrrl.org
Our "SHOW US YOUR SHACK" page is at:
 http://www.emcomm.org/em/shacks/
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FEATURES SECTION

"The Chronicles of Nocandoo"
An EM "Farcical Fantasy of Futuristic Fiction" (FFFF), by Roger Wilcox, PHD

Episode   I  - EM April 2006 read at:  http://www.emcomm.org/em/april2006.htm
Episode  II  - EM June 2006 read at: http://www.emcomm.org/em/june2006.htm
Episode III  - EM August 2006 read at: http://www.emcomm.org/em/august2006.htm
Episode IV - EM October 2006 read at: http://www.emcomm.org/em/october2006.htm

And now... EPISODE V ...
 
After they finished the evening meal, Hemp looked up and reveled at the evening sky.  The moon was rising and the stars were beginning to emerge.  The group was enjoying the solitude and good conversation.  As an owl hooted in the distance, Thor suggested that they retire to "the lounge",  which was a circle of old bench seats salvaged from a bus and other assorted chairs and recliners.  Hemp asked what they should do with the dirty dishes, utensils, and serving trays.  Thor said,  "Just leave them on the table.  The children will pick them up and wash them."  Psue asked, "Aren't you worried about the new federal regulations that prohibit having minors doing domestic chores?"  Rose interrupted,  "No. We are NOT!  How are the PCEA (Political Correctness Enforcement Authority) going to know anyway?  Our children and teenagers are learning the importance of personal responsibility and the value of teamwork.  Here, everybody does their part.  Or they don't eat!"

"What a novel idea!"  Psue said with a smile on her face.
 
The group continued to converse and share their values and experiences.  They were all very interested in radio communications.  Hemp told about how his grandfather had taught him the Morse code when he was six years old.  And how that was before all technical and skill requirements were eliminated from ham radio.  And lamented about how the bands had been gradually reduced in size, and how the Morse code was eventually banned by the high court when it was re-defined as an illegal cipher and had ruled against it, citing security reasons.  (No one in the government, or the armed services, any longer knew how to copy "the code".)  Now only specially-licensed amateur radio operators were permitted to use the code...and there was a mandatory extensive and very difficult technical and operating proficiency exam. The story-telling and reminiscing about how things once were went on for several hours.  Thor finally said,  "This is all very enjoyable, but it's almost the midnight hour.  Time to make sure the night shift lookout and radio watch operators have had their naps and are in place.  Tomorrow's a new day.  Let's retire."
 
Psue and Hemp were enjoying themselves immensely and could have stayed up all night, but they were shown to one of the Mesa-Verd camp guest suites.  It was one of two clefts in a nearby rock escarpment.  Inside was a clean mattress, two pillows, blankets, two candle lanterns set on a bookcase crafted from old rocket boxes, and a canteen of clean water.   They listened to a few faint Morse signals fading from the COMM POST which was located only a few yards away as they drifted off to sleep.
 
AH-OOU!  AH-OOU! AH-OOU!  Hemp awakened with a start!  "What the h--- is that!" he exclaimed.  Psue, who was already up said,  "That's Josh, blowing his tuba."  It's the camp wake-up call!  Rose told me that he would do that just after sun rise, so I came in just to watch you jump!" 

"Very funny.  He could raise the dead with that thing..."
 
"Anyway, get up!  We have to get down the hill to our ARCT post."
 
"ROGER WILCO, CAPTAIN!"  Hemp growled.
 
Gelo was already up and on her job.  She handed them each an egg burrito and some sandwiches as the two grabbed their personal gear, jumped on their one-speed off-road bicycles, and headed down the hill to their NEECO checkpoint.
 
About two months passed.  Hemp and Psue settled into their assigned tasks, but life was pretty boring.  Since FUVA permitted them each one day off per week, they rode up to the camp on the mesa above and stayed over one night on weekends.  They quickly had formed very close camaraderie with the Mesa-Verd group.
 
One weekend, Thor told them not to ride up on Saturday, but to come instead on Sunday.  They did, and as they approached the gate that day, they heard music in the camp.  It was about noon and Gard was at his usual duty station.

"What's happening?" asked Hemp.

"It's Christmas!"

"You're kidding!  Do you still celebrate that?" asked Hemp.
 
"You're durn tootin'."
 
"But what about the PCEA?" asked Psue.
 
"We don't worry about them.  They have bigger problems to police."
 
"OK"
 
As the two pedaled on in to the center of the camp, it was obvious that a huge dinner was being prepared.  They visited awhile and at about 1600 hours, Josh cut lose on his tuba.  Only this time he played a old Christmas carol.  It was, O come all ye faithful.
 
The dinner was served, buffet style.  It consisted of roast (wild) duck, B-B-Q goat, roast wild onions, corn bread, greens, yams, fried catfish, and wild celery.
 
Dessert consisted of pecan pie, whipped cream (made from goat's milk), and real coffee* (that had been "procured" via Free Cuba) by the Mesa Verd logistics officer, "Logo."

After dinner, as they all sat around the campfire, Thor said,  "Does anyone know what happened on this date 150 years ago?"

Psue and Hemp chimed together: "Not a clue!"
 
"Would you like me to tell you the story?"
 
"Sure!"  (Again in unison.)
 
All of those at the campfire circle listened intently as Thor continued:  "It was 150 years ago this very night.  A Canadian by the name of Reginald Fessenden and his Swedish immigrant assistant Ernst Alexanderson, had been hard at work in Fessenden’s laboratory, which was in what used to be Massachusetts."

"They were working on a mechanical device to alternate a continuous radio wave. The device consisted of a huge disc that revolved at 20,000 rpm. They had connected it to a transmitter and a microphone, and they discovered that they could “modulate” a radio signal.  As wireless operators at land stations and on ships off the coast diligently maintained their radio watch, by listening to the familiar Morse code signals, they were startled when they suddenly heard voices in their headsets!  They listened, spellbound."

"Suddenly, they heard a woman singing.  Then they heard someone playing a violin!  It was Fessenden...playing the sacred carol: “O Holy Night”.  From that time on, radio signals would no longer be limited to the dits and dahs of the Morse code.  Anyway, that's what happened on Christmas Eve...Nineteen Hundred and Six."

* Coffee, tea, chocolate, soft drinks, and all other substances containing caffeine had long since been declared "controlled substances" and were now heavily taxed.  Beans, peanuts, and other legumes had been declared to be hazardous commodities since the PEPA (People's Environmental Protection Authority) had determined that those foods could cause a potential increase in "greenhouse gases."  The ruling was currently under review, since these foods contain significant amounts of high-quality vegetable protein.

To be continued...(in the future)

2056 ACRONYMS:
ARCT - Amateur Radio Communications Team
COMM POST - Communications Station (pronounced: compost)
CUBA - Free Territory of America
DECA - Domestic Energy Consumption Authority
HAMS - Highway Aviation and Maritime Service
FACADE - Federal Approved Communications Authority for Disaster Emcomm
FASA - Federal Armed Services Authority
FUFA - Federal United Fuel Authority
FUVA - Federal United Volunteer Authority
MESA - Motorcycle Emergency Service Association
MOPS - Minister of Peace and Safety
NEECO - National Emergency and Environmental Communication Operations
NPO - Nearly pooped out
OHIO -  Underground term for an old fashioned wood kitchen match (contraband item)
PCEA - Political Correctness Enforcement Authority
PEPA - People's Environmental Protection Authority
SPPC - Southern Pecan Pie and Coffee 
TPPA - Three Party Presidential Authority
TPSS - Micro-chips implanted in all live birth products To Promote Safety and Security
TUBA - Long range bugling device
TVNU - Tubular vegetarian nutrition unit (soy or other non-meat product weiner.
UB - Urine battery
UNFUCA - United Nations Firearms Universal Confiscation Act of 2015.
U.S.S.A.
 - United Socialist States of Amerika
VERD - Vintage Emergency Radio Devotees
WHCPS - World High Court for Peace and Safety

=================================================================
EMCOMM SPECIALTY PRODUCTS
=========================================================================
EMERGENCY COMMUNICATIONS  “License Plate”:
-----------O-------------------------------------------------O----------
        
   
EMERGENCY
 COMMUNICATIONS

-----------O-------------------------------------------------O-----------
•  View this item at:  http://www.emcomm.org/products/
•  Raised  BLACK letters on WHITE background
•  Durable metal
•  6” x 12” with usual holes for mounting
•  Mount on vehicle or place on visor or in window
•  Space to "customize" with your county or city's name, or your call sign using one-inch vinyl letters
   (available at hardware stores)
•  Use at fixed or field emcomm stations
•  MADE IN U.S.A!
•  $10.00 each or two for $18.00  [Postpaid to one address includes all applicable taxes]
Send check or money order and shipping address to:
       EMCOMM
       P O Box 99
       Macdoel, CA  96058
• Allow 2 weeks for delivery
======================================================================
TRAFFIC HANDLER'S SUPPLIES:
  
RADIOGRAM RUBBER STAMP
• Use on plain paper
• Use on front of envelope
• 3/4” x 3” wood handle stamp
   Order: WRGS -  Wood handle (traditional) rubber stamp $10.00 each postpaid
   ($8.00 if ordered with Message Service Cross stamp (below)
• Send check or money order to:
       EMCOMM
       P O Box 99
       Macdoel, CA  96058
• Please allow 2 to 4 weeks for delivery
• View this item (in use) at:  http://www.emcomm.org/products/
 
"MESSAGE SERVICE CROSS"   RUBBER STAMP
• Makes the “record” part of record message traffic handling easy and efficient.
• Use on any message form or on plain paper.
• A message received and forwarded should be stamped twice (L lower / R lower).
• Check TOR (Time Received) or TOD (Time Delivered / Forwarded).
• Available in two styles:
     Ord